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                <text>Following the diplomatic tensions caused by the &lt;em&gt;Trent&lt;/em&gt; Affair in late 1861, American efforts in foreign policy concentrated on generating more amiable relations with nations interested in the effects of the Civil War. This direction pushed Secretary Seward to seek an opportunity to foster stronger ties with the United Kingdom, working with Lord Lyons to address a shared interest of the two governments.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The product of their dialogue, the Lyons-Seward Treaty, promoted collaboration between the two nations on opposing the still-lingering elements of the Atlantic Slave trade, opened the door for additional talks as the war progressed. In promoting this overlapping interest, the U.S. added additional incentive for the British to remain neutral - a view argued as in the interests of both parties to the Treaty.</text>
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                <text>This document not only established Great Britain's stance concerning events in the brewing conflict between the North and South, but also recognized the belligerent status of the two combatants. In the aftermath of its release, the provisions of the initial statement would be further adjusted by Foreign Minister Earl Russell, expanded to affect British maritime law and belligerent access to their ports and territorial waters.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The action also angered the North, as it afforded the same status to the Confederacy as the Union. The South took the gesture as a potential doorway to future recognition and support for their cause of independence.</text>
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                <text>'The Webster-Ashburton Treaty Ratification'</text>
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                <text>An agreement ending the non-violent territorial dispute known as the Aroostook War (1838-1839), between the U.S. and British North America, the provisions of the treaty covered issues beyond agreement on lands between U.S. state of Maine and British-held New Brunswick. It outlined specific provisions regarding criminal extradition between the two parties, as well as laying a path forward for cooperation against the slave trade in the Atlantic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;During the Civil War, the use of Canada by Confederate agents to plot against and attack the Union raised anger in the North. Percieved inaction by the Canadian government to address these alleged violations of neutrality, and concerns over the extradition of those involved, led to review of past Canadian-American agreements, including Webster-Ashburton and deals over military access to the Great Lakes. The provision concerning action against he slave trade would be expanded upon, facilitating stronger cooperation, in the Lyons-Seward Treaty of 1862.</text>
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                <text>U.S. National Archives, General Records of the United States Government, 1778 - 2006, Perfected Treaties, 1778 - 1945; Digitized online at https://catalog.archives.gov/id/596319</text>
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      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="42">
        <name>Canada</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19">
        <name>Slavery</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="43">
        <name>United Kingdom</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3">
        <name>United States</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
