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                  <text>The War in Cartoon Form</text>
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                  <text>Matters of the War and Diplomacy as captured by British and American Cartoonists</text>
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                  <text>Political cartoons, whether critical or satirical, exist as commentary for the major issues and events of the day - the Civil War in America included. British and American publications regularly highlighted issues of the war, including diplomatic controversy, in their accompanying illustrations.</text>
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                  <text>Johnathan Seitz</text>
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                <text>'Policeman Wilkes'</text>
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                <text>Northern Political Cartoon of Union Captain Charles Wilkes's Capture of Confederate Diplomats Mason &amp;amp; Slidell - The &lt;em&gt;Trent&lt;/em&gt; Affair</text>
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                <text>Artist Unknown; Possibly William Willard Howard </text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt; 5, p. 768, November 30, 1861</text>
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                <text>November 30, 1861</text>
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                <text>No known restrictions on publication.</text>
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                <text>The captain of the &lt;em&gt;San Jacinto&lt;/em&gt; was hailed as a hero across the Northern public, receiving praise from Congress and the Lincoln administration for his role in the capture of James Mason and John Slidell. However, with the onset of the &lt;em&gt;Trent&lt;/em&gt; Affair in the aftermath of the arrest, Wilkes's role fell under review. To placate the British amid attempts to stave off an a potential war, Secretary Seward, Lincoln, and others agreed to a disavowal of the Captain's actions. The arrested diplomats were also set free, being allowed to continue on to Europe.</text>
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                  <text>The War in Cartoon Form</text>
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              <text>The Great Surrender &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;America surrenders the great commissioners - England surrenders her great pretensions - Jeff. Davis surrenders his great expectations&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"The Consideration is Ample." - Sumner&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The portraits of Earl Russell, Mason, Slidell, and Sec'y Seward, are photography&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Published by E. Anthony, 501 Broadway, New York</text>
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                <text>'The Great Surrender'</text>
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                <text>Northern Reaction to the End Results of the &lt;em&gt;Trent&lt;/em&gt; Affair and the Return of the Confederate Diplomats</text>
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                <text>This print combines caricature with photography to express the artist's view of the events surrounding the &lt;em&gt;Trent&lt;/em&gt; Affair. Here, the figures of Confederate diplomats James Murray Mason and John Slidell stand aboard a ship travelling to England. There, British Foreign Minister Lord John Russell tears apart the Right of Search document that justified their capture by the Union in November, 1861, seized in a search of the British vessel, the RMS &lt;em&gt;Trent&lt;/em&gt;. U.S. Secretary of State William Seward stands across the water from him. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Seward faced criticism in England following the capture, amid growing tension over possible threats to Canada and pervieved violations of British neutrality. Finally, Confederate President Jefferson Davis disappointedly stands in the far right, having had hopes that this event would have ended up bringing Britain more solidly in support of the Southern cause.</text>
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                <text>E. Anthony, New York 1862</text>
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                <text>Digitized by the Library of Congress, online at https://www.loc.gov/item/2013648221/</text>
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                <text>Public Domain</text>
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                  <text>Johnathan Seitz</text>
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                <text>'John Bull's Neutrality - The Guardian of Civilization in Full Play'</text>
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                <text>An American Cartoonist's Perception of British 'Neutrality'</text>
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                <text>While declaring itself neutral, and remaining that way for the duration of the war, some in the North believed that sympathies for the South permeated Britain's top levels of government. This image from &lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt; uses the figure of John Bull in a more negative light. Setting two of Britain's prominent Confederate-leaning officials - John Russell and John Roebuck - in the form of dogs against Columbia (Union), Bull is presented as a distraction in her fight against a serpent representing the Southern rebellion.</text>
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                <text>John McLenan</text>
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                <text>Published September 13, 1862</text>
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                <text>Located in the Special Collections and College Archives, Musselman Library, Gettysburg College; Digitized online at https://library.artstor.org/#/object/SS7731291_7731291_10904008_GETTY</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Johnathan Seitz</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>Political Cartoon</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>'King Cotton -"Oh isn't that a Dainty Dish to set before the King"'</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>A &lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt; cartoon depicting Union general George McClellan presenting a representation of King Cotton.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>John McLenan</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="208">
                <text>Published by &lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt;; Digitized in GettDigital: Civil War Era Collection</text>
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                <text>Digitized through Special Collections and College Archives, Musselman Library at Gettysburg College, </text>
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                <text>September 21, 1861</text>
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                <text>King Cotton - interpreted here as a caricature of European-style monarchs, displaying elements of the British government - recieves a dangerous gift from Union General George McClellan. The illustration mocks British reliance on southern cotton while also targeting the Southern economic reliance on the crop. The South's decision to place an embargo on cotton exports and the effects of the Union's blockade together placed the prominence of 'King Cotton' on shaky ground, susceptible to collapse. Cotton diplomacy with britain and France was unable to win necessary support for the South. Over the course of the war, and afterwards Southern cotton encountered greater competition from the colonized regions of the Middle East and Asia.</text>
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        <name>Confederacy</name>
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        <name>Cotton</name>
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        <name>Harper's Weekly</name>
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        <name>Union</name>
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        <name>United Kingdom</name>
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                  <text>The War in Cartoon Form</text>
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                  <text>Matters of the War and Diplomacy as captured by British and American Cartoonists</text>
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                  <text>Political cartoons, whether critical or satirical, exist as commentary for the major issues and events of the day - the Civil War in America included. British and American publications regularly highlighted issues of the war, including diplomatic controversy, in their accompanying illustrations.</text>
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                  <text>Johnathan Seitz</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="260">
              <text>Wood Engraving and Poem</text>
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                <text>'England's Tribute to Lincoln and 'Abraham Lincoln foully assassinated''</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="252">
                <text>A image and accompanying poem honoring the late president following his assassination</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Compiled together as a tribute to Lincoln's memory, this item combines both a print of a wood engraving, likely by &lt;em&gt;Punch&lt;/em&gt; artist John Tenniel, and a poem also published by &lt;em&gt;Punch&lt;/em&gt;, together on a single page. Though republished in 1910, this document still expresses the grief that Lincoln's death caused outside the United States. Of note is that even though Lincoln was the subject of much caricature, satirization, and even criticism from publications such as &lt;em&gt;Punch&lt;/em&gt;, the work of the president in matters of war and emancipation were not forgotten.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>O.H. Oldroyd</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Punch, or the London Charivari&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Digitized by the Library of Congress; The Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>May 6, 1865 - Wood Engraving and Poem&#13;
1910 publication of document</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Public Domain&#13;
Credit: Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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        <name>Britannia</name>
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        <name>Columbia</name>
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        <name>Punch Cartoons</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>The War in Cartoon Form</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
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                  <text>Matters of the War and Diplomacy as captured by British and American Cartoonists</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Political cartoons, whether critical or satirical, exist as commentary for the major issues and events of the day - the Civil War in America included. British and American publications regularly highlighted issues of the war, including diplomatic controversy, in their accompanying illustrations.</text>
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              <name>Creator</name>
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                  <text>Johnathan Seitz</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="296">
              <text>Lithographic print</text>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>'Shadows of the Times'</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287">
                <text>A depiction of the threat of European intervention in the American Civil War</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Printed by Peter Kramer</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289">
                <text>Housed and digitized by The Library Company of Philadelphia, Print Department</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Published by Peter Kramer and C. Muringer</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1862</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Collected by John Allister McAllister; Digitized by Alexander Street Press for Images of the American Civil War</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293">
                <text>All use must credit the Library Company of Philadelphia; https://www.librarycompany.org/</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Lithograph print</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Part of a set of prints by Peter Kramer, these two images point to the interests of the European powers observing the conflict in America. The top image shows the figure of Queen Victoria, representing the British Empire, and the military threat posed by British participation. Relations with Britain had deteriorated over the course of late 1861 over their neutrality and recognition of the Confederacy as a belligerent. While by 1862, the immediate tension had waned, animosity towards Britain lingered in the North, flaring up over later controversies with the British before the end of the war. The lower image displays the figures of Otto von Bismarck of Prussia and Napoleon III of France, two other powers vying for superiority over the other in Europe and beyond. France in particular would exploit the situation in America, the Union being distracted by its war with the Confederacy, to enact an invasion and occupation of Mexico. Establishing a puppet regime under Maximilian I, it would collapse due to revolts by Mexican republicans in conjuction with the winding down of the Civil War to the north.</text>
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        <name>France</name>
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        <name>Queen Victoria</name>
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        <name>Union</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>The War in Cartoon Form</text>
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            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="7">
                  <text>Matters of the War and Diplomacy as captured by British and American Cartoonists</text>
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                  <text>Political cartoons, whether critical or satirical, exist as commentary for the major issues and events of the day - the Civil War in America included. British and American publications regularly highlighted issues of the war, including diplomatic controversy, in their accompanying illustrations.</text>
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              <name>Creator</name>
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                  <text>Johnathan Seitz</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="86">
                <text>'Ye Conference, "Not Any We Thank You Mr. Davis"'</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>A Northern View of the Confederacy's First Diplomatic Endeavors</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This scene presents the results of early attempts by the Confederate government, represented by CSA President Jefferson Davis, to attain greater European support. Depicted being addressed by Queen Victoria of Britain and Napoleon III of France, Davis's requests are met with refusal and general neutrality, a reflection of the official statements made by both nations by this point in the conflict.</text>
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                <text>Published/Printed by Erghott and Forbringer</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Digitized by the Library of Congress</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1861</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>Lithograph</text>
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        <name>Confederacy</name>
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        <name>France</name>
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        <name>Jefferson Davis</name>
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        <name>United Kingdom</name>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Punch&lt;/em&gt; Magazine; Reprinted on page 117 of William Walsh's &lt;em&gt;Abraham Lincoln and the London Punch, &lt;/em&gt;New York: Moffat, Yard and Company, 1909.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Punch&lt;/em&gt;'s satirical criticism of the American conflict highlights their view of British neutrality in this image, perceiving the nation as above the conflict. While certain groups within the population and government displayed sympathy for either side, the overall feeling remained ambivalent to the conflict. However, the artist includes the threat that Britain could bring to the war, noting its willingness to end it by force if threatened or heavily inconvienienced by it.</text>
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                <text>Reprinted on page 150 in William Walsh's &lt;em&gt;Abraham Lincoln and the London Punch&lt;/em&gt;, New York: Moffat, Yard, and Company, 1909</text>
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                <text>Providing a satirical take on the nature of the divide between North and South, theLondon-based &lt;em&gt;Punch&lt;/em&gt;'s take shows the traditional Yankee opposite a new female figure representing the Confederacy, each holding torn parts of the national map. In the background, signifying the role of slavery in generating the decline and crisis of secession, a black individual is seen leaving the scene</text>
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                <text>Reprinted on page 119 in William Walsh's &lt;em&gt;Abraham Lincoln and the London Punch&lt;/em&gt;, New York: Moffat, Yard and Company, 1909</text>
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